Circular Buying Guides & Research
Expert-driven research, LCA analysis, and platform comparisons to guide your sustainable journey.
Back Market vs. Refurbed: A Comparison
Two of Europe's largest refurbished platforms in a side-by-side comparison — with no absolute winner, but clear decision criteria.
Refurbished, Renewed, Generalüberholt: What is the Difference?
Are Refurbished, Renewed, and Generalüberholt the same? We explain the semantic and legal differences of circular tech terms.
Buying a Refurbished Laptop: A Complete Guide 2026
We compare technical and legal factors when buying a refurbished laptop, including RAM/SSD requirements, battery health thresholds, and warranty guidelines.
Warranty vs. Guarantee for Used Electronics: Your Rights
We explain the legal differences between a guarantee and a warranty on used electronics under German law, focusing on updates and consumer rights.
GOTS, OEKO-TEX, Fairtrade: What Do Textile Labels Really Mean?
We compare GOTS, OEKO-TEX, Fairtrade, and Germany's Grüner Knopf to explain the differences between chemical safety and supply chain ethics.
Buying Second-Hand Fashion: What to Look For?
We compare buyer protection, private vs. professional sellers, and return policies on second-hand fashion platforms like Vinted.
CO2 Savings in Refurbished Electronics: How is it Calculated?
We examine how Fraunhofer Austria calculated a 78% carbon footprint reduction for a refurbished iPhone compared to a new model.
Buying Used Furniture: What to Look For?
We explain how to check materials, understand different seller types, and plan logistics when buying pre-owned furniture.